Linux

需要 GCC 版本 4.7 或更高版本才能构建 Julia。
要使用不在系统库搜索路径中的外部共享库，请在 Make.user 中设置 USE_SYSTEM_XXX=1 和 LDFLAGS=-Wl,-rpath,/path/to/dir/contains/libXXX.so。
除了设置 LDFLAGS，将库目录放入环境变量 LD_LIBRARY_PATH（在编译和运行时）也可以。
USE_SYSTEM_* 标志应谨慎使用。这些标志仅用于故障排除、移植和打包，包维护者与 Julia 开发者密切合作，以确保 Julia 正确构建。生产用例应使用官方提供的二进制文件。由于使用这些标志而产生的问题通常不会被接受。
另请参见 external dependencies。

Architecture Customization

Julia 可以通过在 Make.user 文件中配置 ARCH Makefile 变量来为非通用架构构建。有关其他自定义选项，例如 MARCH 和 JULIA_CPU_TARGET，请参见 Make.inc 的相关部分。

例如，要为 Pentium 4 构建，设置 MARCH=pentium4 并安装必要的系统库以进行链接。在 Ubuntu 上，这些库可能包括 lib32gfortran-6-dev、lib32gcc1 和 lib32stdc++6 等。

您还可以在 Make.user 中设置 MARCH=native，以获得针对当前机器 CPU 的最大性能构建。

OpenBLAS build failure Set one of the following build options in Make.user and build again: <ul><li> OPENBLAS_TARGET_ARCH=BARCELONA (AMD CPUs) or OPENBLAS_TARGET_ARCH=NEHALEM (Intel CPUs)<ul>Set OPENBLAS_DYNAMIC_ARCH = 0 to disable compiling multiple architectures in a single binary.</ul></li><li> OPENBLAS_NO_AVX2 = 1 disables AVX2 instructions, allowing OpenBLAS to compile with OPENBLAS_DYNAMIC_ARCH = 1 using old versions of binutils </li><li> USE_SYSTEM_BLAS=1 uses the system provided libblas <ul><li>Set LIBBLAS=-lopenblas and LIBBLASNAME=libopenblas to force the use of the system provided OpenBLAS when multiple BLAS versions are installed. </li></ul></li></ul><p> If you get an error that looks like ../kernel/x86_64/dgemm_kernel_4x4_haswell.S:1709: Error: no such instruction: `vpermpd $ 0xb1,%ymm0,%ymm0', then you need to set OPENBLAS_DYNAMIC_ARCH = 0 or OPENBLAS_NO_AVX2 = 1, or you need a newer version of binutils (2.18 or newer). (Issue #7653)</p><p> If the linker cannot find gfortran and you get an error like julia /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld: cannot find -lgfortran, check the path with gfortran -print-file-name=libgfortran.so and use the output to export something similar to this: export LDFLAGS=-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/8/. See Issue #6150.</p>

Illegal Instruction error Check if your CPU supports AVX while your OS does not (e.g. through virtualization, as described in this issue).

Problem	Possible Solution
OpenBLAS build failure	Set one of the following build options in `Make.user` and build again: <ul><li> `OPENBLAS_TARGET_ARCH=BARCELONA` (AMD CPUs) or `OPENBLAS_TARGET_ARCH=NEHALEM` (Intel CPUs)<ul>Set `OPENBLAS_DYNAMIC_ARCH = 0` to disable compiling multiple architectures in a single binary.</ul></li><li> `OPENBLAS_NO_AVX2 = 1` disables AVX2 instructions, allowing OpenBLAS to compile with `OPENBLAS_DYNAMIC_ARCH = 1` using old versions of binutils </li><li> `USE_SYSTEM_BLAS=1` uses the system provided `libblas` <ul><li>Set `LIBBLAS=-lopenblas` and `LIBBLASNAME=libopenblas` to force the use of the system provided OpenBLAS when multiple BLAS versions are installed. </li></ul></li></ul><p> If you get an error that looks like ../kernel/x86_64/dgemm_kernel_4x4_haswell.S:1709: Error: no such instruction: `vpermpd $ 0xb1,%ymm0,%ymm0', then you need to set `OPENBLAS_DYNAMIC_ARCH = 0` or `OPENBLAS_NO_AVX2 = 1`, or you need a newer version of `binutils` (2.18 or newer). (Issue #7653)</p><p> If the linker cannot find `gfortran` and you get an error like `julia /usr/bin/x86_64-linux-gnu-ld: cannot find -lgfortran`, check the path with `gfortran -print-file-name=libgfortran.so` and use the output to export something similar to this: `export LDFLAGS=-L/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-linux-gnu/8/`. See Issue #6150.</p>
Illegal Instruction error	Check if your CPU supports AVX while your OS does not (e.g. through virtualization, as described in this issue).

Linux

Architecture Customization

Linux Build Troubleshooting